Podiatric Skin and Nail Involvement and Biomechanical Pathology in Renal Transplant Recipients: Assessment of the Foot as a Contributing Factor to Their Health.

Although several studies show the prevalence of podiatric conditions in people with end-stage renal disease or renal replacement therapy with hemodialysis, there is little scientific literature on this when subjects are undergoing kidney transplantation. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of podiatric skin and nail pathology in renal transplant recipients. A descriptive, observational, prevalence study was conducted at the Nephrology Department of the University Hospital of A Coruña. A total of 371 subjects were studied. The variables studied were sociodemographic (age, sex), anthropometric (Body Mass Index), comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index), and podological (skin and nail alterations). A high presence of skin (83.1%) and nail pathology (85.4%) was observed, with hyperkeratosis (68.8%), onychogryphosis (39.4%), and onychocryptosis (36.9%) being the most predominant alterations. Although it was not significant, patients with a higher risk of presenting podiatric pathology were of female sex and had a high BMI, and both age and the Charlson comorbidity index were significantly associated with this risk. There was an increased risk of both skin and nail pathology at older age and in the presence of diabetes mellitus.

Colorectal cancer recurrence and its impact on survival after curative surgery: An analysis based on multistate models.

AIM: To investigate the usefulness of multistate models (MSM) for determining colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence rate, to analyse the effect of different factors on tumour recurrence and death, and to assess the impact of recurrence for CRC prognosis. METHODS: Observational follow-up study of incident CRC cases disease-free after curative resection in 2006-2013 (n = 994). Recurrence and mortality were analyzed with MSM, as well as covariate effects on transition probabilities. RESULTS: Cumulative incidence of recurrence at 60 months was 13.7%. Five years after surgery, 70.3% of patients were alive and recurrence-free, and 8.4% were alive after recurrence. Recurrence has a negative impact on prognosis, with 5-year CRC-related mortality increasing from 3.8% for those who are recurrence-free 1-year after surgery to 33.6% for those with a recurrence. Advanced stage increases recurrence risk (HR = 1.53) and CRC-related mortality after recurrence (HR = 2.35). CRC-related death was associated with age in recurrence-free patients, and with comorbidity after recurrence. As expected, age≥75 years was a risk factor for non-CRC-related death with (HR = 7.76) or without recurrence (HR = 4.26), while its effect on recurrence risk was not demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: MSM allows detailed analysis of recurrence and mortality in CRC. Recurrence has a negative impact on prognosis. Advanced stage was a determining factor for recurrence and CRC-death after recurrence.

Foot health and quality of life in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy is one of the most widely used therapies for breast cancer, triggering important repercussions on people's quality of life. However, little research has been undertaken about podiatric adverse effects. This study aimed was to determine the prevalence of podiatric pathology developed in people with breast cancer who receive chemotherapy. METHODS: Observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted in the Oncology service of the A Coruña University Hospital (northwest Spain). People with breast cancer and undergoing chemotherapy treatment of legal age (≥ 18), who signed the informed consent (n = 117) were included. Sociodemographic, comorbidity, disease and foot health variables, as well as two self-administered questionnaires (Foot Health Status Questionnaire and Foot Function Index) were studied. The current ethical-legal aspects were followed. RESULTS: Foot health problems were highly prevalent, highlighting nail color changes (59.8%), onychocryptosis (39.7%), xerosis (62.4%), plantar fasciitis (12.8%), and neuropathic symptoms (75.2%). Some foot pain was presented in 77.8% of the sample, predominantly at nail level (15.4%) or sole of the foot and nail (14.5%). Most participants described their foot health as fair or poor (56.4%) and felt limited in walking (65.8%). The lowest score for the Foot Health Status Questionnaire was footwear (30.6(33.5)). CONCLUSIONS: Foot health adverse effects represent worrisome problems in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy, due to their high prevalence and negative implications on quality of life. These problems are critical as they may have implications for stopping or reducing chemotherapy. All these results call for the development of more research to contribute to the care and wellbeing of people with cancer who receive treatments such as chemotherapy. Thus, this line of research is a new path to be developed by the podiatry community.

Foot Health in People with Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy has relevant implications for cancer patients' physical, social, and psychological health. Foot health has gained relevance in recent years due to its importance to independence and wellbeing, especially in chronic conditions. This study aims to explore the scope of the literature regarding foot health problems in people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR, Arksey and O'Malley, and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Different databases were used (Cochrane Plus, Scopus, Web of Science, and Pubmed). A total of 4911 articles were identified. Finally, 11 papers were included. RESULTS: Foot problems are relevant and deteriorate wellbeing. The prevalence of some podiatric pathologies is controversial. The main literature deals with hand-foot syndrome and peripheral neuropathy. Focused instruments on foot health were not thoroughly used. CONCLUSION: There is insufficient evidence on foot health problems and their influence on the quality of life of people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Even though a significant percentage of this population has a foot problem, its care and importance are neglected. More studies are needed to contribute to the care of people with cancer through foot health.

Psycho-emotional distress in children and adolescents in relation to COVID-19 confinement and pandemic: A systematized review : Author lists.

A stressor such as a pandemic is a trigger to focus on the study of the psycho-emotional impact on children and adolescents from a nursing care perspective. The aim of this systematized review was to know the impact of the lockdown and COVID-19 pandemic on children (from 2 to 12 years) and adolescent (from 13 to 18 years) in relation to daily routines, as well as the most frequent psycho-emotional manifestations. The research was carried out following PRISMA guidelines and was performed using several databases (PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane). The search was focused on children and adolescent population between 2020 and 2021.The literature search was from November to December 2021. Sixteen articles were used to perform the systematized review. A disruption in daily routines and an increase in psycho-emotional manifestations have been observed in young people, which is understood as a worsening of their psycho-emotional integrity. Higher levels of anxiety and depression in adolescents and hyperactivity and dependence disorders in the children have also been reported. In conclusion, children and adolescents have been affected in the psycho-emotional sphere in the same way as adults, therefore, it is necessary to know the presenting characteristics of this group of people in order to be able to establish an effective nursing approach and help preserve the mental integrity, as well as promote resilience.

Wellbeing and Complementary Therapies in Breast Cancer Peripheral Neuropathy Care: A Scoping Review Focused on Foot Health.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a multidimensional health problem. Up to now, little evidence has been found concerning its impact on quality of life and foot health. Evaluation tools and prevention and treatment strategies must be reported. This study aimed to map the literature on the impact of this side effect on the wellbeing and foot health of people with breast cancer and to describe their main assessment strategies and complementary therapies. METHODS: A scoping review was carried out while following the PRISMA-ScR and Arksey and O'Malley guidelines. Different databases (Cochrane Plus, Scopus, Web of Science, and Pubmed) were used. A total of 221 results were identified. Sixteen articles were included. RESULTS: The thematic analysis obtained the following categories: the impact of peripheral neuropathy on quality of life and foot health, complementary therapies as a path for new strategies, and the need for clinicians and researchers to get involved in researching this side effect. CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral neuropathy has a negative impact on people's quality of life. Implications for foot health and maintaining an active and healthy lifestyle have not been previously reported. Complementary therapies are recommended by scientific evidence, highlighting exercise. However, there is a need to develop more research that will help to incorporate them into evidence-based practice.

Influence of Nutrition Status and Compression Therapy on Venous Ulcer Healing: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature to determine whether compression therapies and nutrition status influence venous ulcer healing. DATA SOURCE: A systematized bibliographic review was carried out by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for studies published between 2015 and 2020, using descriptors in Spanish and English. STUDY SELECTION: After establishing the research question and applying the filters based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 114 articles were found. After screening, 11 articles were selected for the review: 8 were identified in the literature search, and 3 were added from the bibliographic references of other studies. DATA EXTRACTION: The authors developed a data extraction sheet that recorded the following variables: author, country, year of publication, level of evidence, research design, therapy type, initial ulcer size, active ulcer history, pain, healed wounds, wound reduction, therapy tolerance, nutrition assessment method, body mass index, and nutrition disorders. DATA SYNTHESIS: Four studies analyzed the relationship between nutrition status and venous ulcer healing, finding that these patients tend to have a high body mass index; a deficit of nutrients such as vitamin A, D, or zinc; and an excess of lipids and carbohydrates. Seven studies compared different types of compression to determine which provided the best results, with two- and four-layer therapy being the most commonly used. Variables such as small wound size and recent onset were associated with better prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: In terms of nutrition, the parameters analyzed are very limited. Although several studies show that two-layer therapy produces the greatest ulcer healing, there is not enough information to recommend one type of therapy over the other. Therefore, more clinical trials are needed to study broader nutrition parameters and compare the types of therapy under matched conditions to determine their influence on ulcer healing.

Concordance between Pressure Platform and Pedigraph.

OBJECTIVES: Determine the concordance between two methods of obtaining the plantar footprint (pedigraph and pressure platform). METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study of prevalence was carried out in the social center of Cariño (Coruña), Spain (n = 65 participants). Older people without amputations or the presence of dysmetria were included. The variables studied were: sociodemographic (age, sex), anthropometric (body mass index) and footprint measurement variables. These measurements were made by obtaining the plantar footprint using two methods: pedigraph and pressure platform. RESULTS: The mean age of the sample was 37.42 ± 15.05 years, with a predominance of the female gender (61.54%). Positive linear correlation between pedigraph and platform was observed in both feet in the Chippaux and Staheli indices (correlation coefficient > 0.3, p < 0.001 in each comparison). The reliability was good or moderate in relation with the Chippaux and Staheli index. Slightly lower coefficients were observed in the dimensions of the foot. CONCLUSIONS: A positive linear correlation between pedigraph and platform was observed in both feet in the Chippaux and Staheli indices. Significant differences were observed between pedigraph and platform in relation to the width and length of the foot. It is probably due to the fact that the pressure platform provides more exhaustive, detailed and accurate information of the foot.

Airborne Bacterial Community Composition According to Their Origin in Tenerife, Canary Islands.

Microorganisms are ubiquitous in the environment, and the atmosphere is no exception. However, airborne bacterial communities are some of the least studied. Increasing our knowledge about these communities and how environmental factors shape them is key to understanding disease outbreaks and transmission routes. We describe airborne bacterial communities at two different sites in Tenerife, La Laguna (urban, 600 m.a.s.l.) and Izaña (high mountain, 2,400 m.a.s.l.), and how they change throughout the year. Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to target 16S rRNA genes in 293 samples. Results indicated a predominance of Proteobacteria at both sites (>65%), followed by Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. Gammaproteobacteria were the most frequent within the Proteobacteria phylum during spring and winter, while Alphaproteobacteria dominated in the fall and summer. Within the 519 genera identified, Cellvibrio was the most frequent during spring (35.75%) and winter (30.73%); Limnobacter (24.49%) and Blastomonas (19.88%) dominated in the summer; and Sediminibacterium represented 10.26 and 12.41% of fall and winter samples, respectively. Sphingomonas was also identified in 17.15% of the fall samples. These five genera were more abundant at the high mountain site, while other common airborne bacteria were more frequent at the urban site (Kocuria, Delftia, Mesorhizobium, and Methylobacterium). Diversity values showed different patterns for both sites, with higher values during the cooler seasons in Izaña, whereas the opposite was observed in La Laguna. Regarding wind back trajectories, Tropical air masses were significantly different from African ones at both sites, showing the highest diversity and characterized by genera regularly associated with humans (Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, and Cloacibacterium), as well as others related to extreme conditions (Alicyclobacillus) or typically associated with animals (Lachnospiraceae). Marine and African air masses were consistent and very similar in their microbial composition. By contrast, European trajectories were dominated by Cellvibrio, Pseudomonas, Pseudoxanthomonas, and Sediminibacterium. These data contribute to our current state of knowledge in the field of atmospheric microbiology. However, future studies are needed to increase our understanding of the influence of different environmental factors on atmospheric microbial dispersion and the potential impact of airborne microorganisms on ecosystems and public health.

Pain assessment and management in the newborn: A systematized review.

BACKGROUND: Neonatal pain has been underdiagnosed due to several false beliefs. AIM: To determine the status of neonatal pain in newborns who are admitted to intensive care units. METHODS: Different databases were searched. Literature reviews and research reports conducted in newborns that were written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese, published between 2010 and 2020, and having free access to the full text were selected. A total of 135 articles were found, and 18 articles were finally reviewed. RESULTS: Newborns are exposed to numerous painful procedures. In order to assess their pain levels, several scales have been used, although they are sometimes not correctly interpreted. In terms of pain management, the nursing team plays a very important role based mainly on both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. CONCLUSION: Nursing staff members must be well trained in order to identify pain and to interpret the scales correctly. Besides, they have an important role in performing non-pharmacological procedures for pain management.

Sexual Dysfunction in Ostomized Patients: A Systematized Review.

The impact of an ostomy has a negative influence on sexuality. Healthcare professionals focus the care on surgery, and consider the sexual life is little relevant to the patient recovery. The aim of this systematized review is to give visibility to the sexual problems that ostomy patients have, to know what kind of sexual dysfunction occurs in this patients, to give information to the nursing staff about sexual disturbances and to recommend some resources to restart sexual activity. The research was conducted following de PRISMA guidelines and performed in several databases. Twelve papers were used to perform the systematized review. After ostomy, sexual dysfunction is different in men and women. It is related by the psychological aspects (low self-esteem, body image deterioration, etc.), the physical aspects (type of resection, complications, etc.) and the acceptance by the partner. A personalized sexual education focused on sexual problems that appear in ostomy patients is necessary to implement. In this way, adequate support, information and resources before and after surgery could be given for both, patients and their partners.

Discordance of the Evaluation of the Plantar Footprint in Kidney Transplant.

BACKGROUND: The measures used for the diagnosis of biomechanical pathologic disorders are variable. The aim of this study was to determine the concordance between the Clarke angle and the Chippaux-Smirak and Staheli indices in evaluation of the footprints of kidney transplant patients. METHODS: An observational prevalence study was performed in kidney transplant patients in the University Hospital Complex A Coruña from 1981 through 2014. After obtaining patient informed consent and ethics committee approval, sociodemographic (age and sex) and anthropometric (body mass index) variables and comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index score) were assessed for each patient, and a podiatric medical examination was performed of the footprint through a pedigree (Chippaux-Smirak index, Staheli index, and Clarke angle). A descriptive analysis of all of the variables was performed; for agreement, the kappa index and the Bland-Altman method were used. RESULTS: We found a predominance of male sex (65.6%) and a high level of overweight (43.3%) in the sample. The highest concordance between the indices studied is presented by the Chippaux-Smirak index, with a kappa index of 0.86 for the left foot and 0.76 for the right foot. CONCLUSIONS: High agreement was attained among observers in measurements of the footprints of kidney transplant patients.

Cone-Beam CT-Guided Lung Biopsies: Results in 94 Patients.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic capacity of Cone-Beam computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic percutaneous biopsies on lung lesions in our setting and to detect risk factors for possible complications. METHODS: Retrospective study of 98 biopsies in 94 patients, performed between May 2017 and January 2020. To obtain them, a 17G coaxial puncture system and a Siemens Artis Zee Floor vc21 archwire were used. Descriptive data of the patients, their position at the time of puncture, location and size of the lesions, number of cylinders extracted, and complications were recorded. Additionally, the fluoroscopy time used in each case, the doses/area and the estimated total doses received by the patients were recorded. RESULTS: Technical success was 96.8%. A total of 87 (92.5%) malignant lesions and 3 (3.1%) benign lesions were diagnosed. The sensitivity was 91.5% and the specificity was 100%. We registered three technical failures and three false negatives initially. Complications included 38 (38.8%) pneumothorax and 2 (2%) hemoptysis cases. Fluoroscopy time used in each case was 4.99 min and the product of the dose area is 11,722.4 microGy/m2. CONCLUSION: The transthoracic biopsy performed with Cone-Beam CT is accurate and safe in expert hands for the diagnosis of lung lesions. Complications are rare and the radiation dose used was not excessive.

Randomized clinical trial to determine the effectiveness of CO-oximetry and anti-smoking brief advice in a cohort of kidney transplant patients who smoke.

Background: measure the efficacy of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) measurement plus brief advisory sessions to reduce smoking exposure and smoking behaviour in kidney transplant recipients. Methods: Randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial at a Spanish hospital.Smoking kidney transplant recipients giving their consent to participate were randomized to control (brief advice, n=63) or intervention group (brief advisory session plus measuring exhaled CO, n=59). Measurements: Sociodemographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, treatment, rejection episodes, infections, self-reported smoking, drug use, level of dependence and motivation to stop smoking (Fagerström's and Richmond's test) and stage of change (Prochaska and DiClemente's Stages). Efficacy was assessed at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months as: cotinine test, CO levels in exhaled air, nicotine dependence, motivational stages of change, motivation to stop smoking, pattern of tobacco use and smoking cessation rates. Logistic regression models were computed. Results: At 12 months of follow-up, differences were found in exhaled CO between the intervention and control group(6.1±6.8vs.10.2±9.7ppm;p=0.028). Carboxyhemoglobin levels were lower in the intervention group as well as the positive cotinine test (1.2±1.2%vs.2.0±2.4%;p=0.039),(53.4%vs.74.2%). At 12 months, intervention reduces the probability of a positive urine test by 28%. Conclusions: Co-oximetry is a clinically relevant intervention for reduction of tobacco exposure in kidney transplant recipients.

Characterisation of long-term cancer survivors and application of statistical cure models: a protocol for an observational follow-up study in patients with colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Improved colorectal cancer (CRC) survival rates have been reported over the last years, with more than half of these patients surviving more than 5 years after the initial diagnosis. Better understanding these so-called long-term survivors could be very useful to further improve their prognosis as well as to detect other problems that may cause a significant deterioration in their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Cure models provide novel statistical tools to better estimate the long-term survival rate for cancer and to identify characteristics that are differentially associated with a short or long-term prognosis. The aim of this study will be to investigate the long-term prognosis of CRC patients, characterise long-term CRC survivors and their HRQoL, and demonstrate the utility of statistical cure models to analyse survival and other associated factors in these patients. METHODS: This is a single-centre, ambispective, observational follow-up study in a cohort of n = 1945 patients with CRC diagnosed between 2006 and 2013. A HRQoL sub-study will be performed in the survivors of a subset of n = 485 CRC patients for which baseline HRQoL data from the time of their diagnosis is already available. Information obtained from interviews and the clinical records for each patient in the cohort is already available in a computerised database from previous studies. This data includes sociodemographic characteristics, family history of cancer, comorbidities, perceived symptoms, tumour characteristics at diagnosis, type of treatment, and diagnosis and treatment delay intervals. For the follow-up, information regarding local recurrences, development of metastases, new tumours, and mortality will be updated using hospital records. The HRQoL for long-term survivors will be assessed with the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR29 questionnaires. An analysis of global and specific survival (competitive risk models) will be performed. Relative survival will be estimated and mixture cure models will be applied. Finally, HRQoL will be analysed through multivariate regression models. DISCUSSION: We expect the results from this study to help us to more accurately determine the long-term survival of CRC, identify the needs and clinical situation of long-term CRC survivors, and could be used to propose new models of care for the follow-up of CRC patients.

Trasplantado renal con sarcoma de Kaposi en el pie izquierdo / Kidney transplant patient with Kaposi sarcoma in the left foot

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Kidney transplant patient with Kaposi sarcoma in the left foot. / Trasplantado renal con sarcoma de Kaposi en el pie izquierdo.

53 year old renal transplanted male with secondary amyloidosis to Crohn´sdisease, sent to Dermatology given the presence of multiple red-purple or hyperkeratotic...

Varón de 53 años de edad, trasplantado renal hace 12 años por amiloidosis secundaria a enfermedad de Crohn, a tratamiento diario con 10 mg de prednisona....

Structural, Dermal and Ungual Characteristics of the Foot in Patients with Type II Diabetes.

Background and Objectives: Diabetes is a chronic and metabolic disease, considered as an important public health problem. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of podiatric pathology in type II diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: An observational descriptive study of prevalence in the endocrinology service of Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC) (A Coruña-Spain) was carried out (n = 153). Type II diabetic patients included, of legal age who signed the informed consent. Sociodemographic variables were studied (age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking habit, alcohol consumption, family history), disease variables (time of evolution of diabetes, treatments, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), glucose), podiatric variables: measurement of the footprint, metatarsal and digital formula, nail, skin, hindfoot and forefoot alterations. The data collection was done in 2018 and the data analysis was carried out in 2019. Results: The patients with type II diabetes had greater age, obesity and arterial hypertension it compared to the general population. Diabetic patients had a higher prevalence of flat feet than the general population (71.2% vs. 20.7%, p < 0.001), with a predominance of normal foot according to the podoscope. The predominant podological pathology was the presence of claw toes (94.8%), followed by dermal (78.4%) and nail (71.9%) alterations, and the Hallux Valgus (66.0%). The Clarke angle and the Chippaux index showed a Kappa concordance index of 0.26 with the type of footprint measured with the podoscope. The Staheli index showed a Kappa index of 0.27 associated with an observed agreement of 54%. Conclusions: This study shows that foot problems continue to be prevalent in subjects with type II diabetes mellitus and for this reason, podiatry is essential in its treatment.

The Importance of the Mediastinal Triangle in Traumatic Lesions of the Aorta.

Background: Trauma-induced aortic injuries continue to be an important factor in morbimortality in patients with blunt trauma. Objectives: To determine the characteristics of aortic lesions in patients with closed thoracic trauma and associated thoracic injuries. Methods: Multicenter cohort study conducted during the years 1994 to 2014 in the radiology service in the University Hospital Complex of A Coruña. Patients >15 years with closed thoracic trauma were included. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were studied in order to determine the lesion cause, location, and degree. Results: We analyzed 232 patients with a mean age of 46.9 ± 18.7 years, consisting of 81.4% males. The most frequent location was at the level of the isthmus (55.2%). The most frequent causes of injury were traffic accidents followed by falls. Patients with aortic injury had more esophageal, airway, and cardiopericardial lesions. More than 85% of the patients had lung parenchyma and/or chest wall injury, which was more prevalent among those who did not have an aortic lesion. Conclusions: Patients with trauma due to traffic accidents or being run over presented three times more risk of aortic injury than from other causes. Those with an aortic lesion also had a higher frequency of cardiopericardial, airway, and esophageal lesions.

Concordance between the Different Cardiovascular Risk Scores in People with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Psoriasis Arthritis.

AIM: To determine the cardiovascular risk and the concordance between the different scores in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS: Observational descriptive study of prevalence. Performed in the Rheumatology Service and the Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit of the University Hospital Complex of A Coruña (Spain). Patients diagnosed with RA or PsA, older than 18 years of age were included. Measurements: sociodemographic, anthropometric variables of the disease, comorbidity, cardiovascular risk, and therapeutic management. RESULTS: 151 subjects (75 RA and 76 PsA) were studied. The average age was 57.9 ± 12.2 years, 61.6% being women. The average of the Charlson index was 2.8 ± 1.5. 43% were overweight. 46.5% were classified as cardiovascular risk, and the average percentage was 33.3% by Framingham. The best agreement has been between Framingham and Dorica (k = 0.709; p < 0.001), classifying more than 80% of the cases in the same risk categories. CONCLUSIONS: The most prevalent risk factors were overweight and obesity, followed by smoking and hypertension. The prevalence of patients with moderate/high cardiovascular risk varies according to the score used, the levels of concordance being the scores of Framingham and Dorica.